ABSTRACT
Objetivo: desarrollar una guía de práctica clínica con la evidencia más reciente para la tamización de cáncer de colon y recto en población asintomática de riesgo promedio, dirigida a pacientes, personal asistencial, administrativo y entes gubernamentales de cualquier servicio de atención en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: esta guía fue desarrollada por un equipo multidisciplinario con apoyo de la Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología, el Grupo Cochrane ITS y el Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se desarrollaron preguntas clínicas relevantes y se realizó la búsqueda de guías nacionales e internacionales en bases de datos especializadas. Las guías existentes fueron evaluadas en términos de calidad y aplicabilidad; ninguna de ellas cumplió el criterio de adaptación, por lo que se decidió construir una guía de novo. El Grupo Cochrane realizó la búsqueda sistemática de la literatura. Las tablas de evidencia y recomendaciones fueron realizadas con base en la metodología GRADE. Las recomendaciones de la guía fueron socializadas en una reunión de expertos con entes gubernamentales y pacientes. Resultados: se desarrolló una guía de práctica clínica basada en la evidencia para la tamización del cáncer de colon y recto en Colombia. Conclusiones: la tamización de pacientes asintomáticos de riesgo promedio en Colombia en forma adecuada con estándares de calidad tiene el potencial de impactar la carga de cáncer de colon en el país.
Objective: To provide an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the screening of colon and rectal cancer for patients, caregivers, administrative and government bodies at all levels of care in Colombia. Materials and Methods: This guide was developed by a multidisciplinary team with the support of the Colombian Association of Gastroenterology, Cochrane STI Group and Clinical Research Institute of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Relevant clinical questions were developed and the search for national and international guidelines in databases was performed. Existing guidelines were evaluated for quality and applicability. None of the guidelines met the criteria for adaptation, so the group decided to develop a de novo guideline. Systematic literature searches were conducted by the Cochrane Group. The tables of evidence and recommendations were made based on the GRADE methodology. The recommendations of the guide were socialized in a meeting of experts with government agencies and patients. Results: An evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for the screening of colorectal cancer was developed for the Colombian context. Conclusions: The opportune detection of colon cancer would have an impact of the disease in Colombia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mass Screening , Biomarkers, Tumor , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , ColonoscopyABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La prevalencia de la Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) en el mundo se encuentra alrededor de los 396 casos por 105 habitantes. Sin embargo se ha considerado una patología de baja incidencia y prevalencia en poblaciones hispanoamericanas. Existen a la fecha pocos datos epidemiológicos publicados sobre la EII en Suramérica. Objetivos: Estimar la prevalencia de la EII en una población adulta afiliada a una EPS en la ciudad de Cartagena, Colombia. Métodos: Se identificaron todos los casos confirmados de EII que recibían atención médica en COOMEVA EPS a 01 de junio de 2006 mediante la revisión de sus historias clínicas. La prevalencia se estimó teniendo en cuenta la población mayor de 15 años afiliada en el momento de la recogida de datos. Resultados: Se estudiaron 26 pacientes con EII para calcular la prevalencia en nuestra población. Seis individuos tenían EC y 20 diagnósticos de CU. La prevalencia general estimada para la EII fue de 29 x 105 (IC 95% 17-40). Conclusión: Nuestros resultados sugieren que la EII es una patología infrecuente en Cartagena, y estos concuerdan con datos recientes provenientes de otras comunidades hispánicas. Para conocer con certeza la prevalencia de la EII en Cartagena y otras regiones de la geografía colombiana se necesitan estudios prospectivos diseñados específicamente con este fin.
Background: Globally, prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is around 396 cases per 105 inhabitants. However, it has been considered to have low incidence and prevalence in Hispanic populations. To date there is little published epidemiological information on IBD in South America. Objectives: Estimate the prevalence of IBD in an adult population affiliated to an EPS in the city of Cartagena, Colombia. Methods: All patients with confirmed IBD who received medical care in COOMEVA EPS up until June 01, 2006 were identified through reviewing their medical records. Prevalence was estimated in relation to the over age 15 patient population enrolled in the EPS at the time of data collection. Results: 26 patients with IBD were the basis for calculating prevalence in our population. Six individuals had CD and 20 were diagnosed with UC. The estimated overall prevalence of IBD was 29 x 105 (95% CI: 17-40). Conclusion: IBD still seems to be a rare disease in South America. Its incidence may be increasing according to recent data from other Hispanic communities. Our results are consistent with studies in other populations where IBD is an emerging disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Colitis, Ulcerative , Crohn Disease , South AmericaABSTRACT
A produção integrada de arroz e peixes é uma prática que pode trazer benefícios aos orizicultores, diminuindo o uso de agroquímicos e o número de operações de preparo do solo, embora possa aumentar o acamamento de plantas. Este trabalho objetivou testar estratégias de manejo que reduzam o acamamento de plantas de arroz cultivado no sistema pré-germinado em área com quatro anos com rizipiscicultura. Um experimento foi conduzido a campo em Santo Antônio da Patrulha, RS, utilizando duas cultivares ("IRGA 417" e "IRGA 419"), três densidades de semeadura (70, 150 e 230kg ha-1) e três doses de nitrogênio (N) aplicado em cobertura (0, 80 e 160kg ha-1 de N). O acamamento de plantas não diferiu entre as cultivares e entre os níveis de N testados. O rendimento de grãos variou com o incremento da densidade de semeadura apenas na cultivar "IRGA 417". O teor de proteína dos grãos da cultivar "IRGA 417" foi superior ao da "IRGA 419", independentemente de densidade de semeadura e nível de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura.
Rice-fish culture is an important practice to flooded rice producers due to lower use of chemicals and number of tillage operations, although it can enhance lodging. The present study aimed to evaluate management strategies to decrease lodging in pre-germinated rice system in area with four years with rice-fish culture. An experiment was carried out in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using two cultivars ('IRGA 417' and 'IRGA 419'), three seeding rates (0, 150 and 230kg ha-1) and three nitrogen (N) side-dress rates (0, 80 and 160kg ha-1). Lodging did not vary with cultivars neither N rates applied. Grain yield varied with the increase of plant density only for 'IRGA 417'. Grain protein content of 'IRGA 417' is higher than 'IRGA 419' regardless seeding or N rates applied.
ABSTRACT
O arroz vermelho é considerado a planta daninha que mais danos causa a orizicultura gaúcha. A presença dos grãos desta invasora junto aos grãos das cultivares de arroz contribui para a diminuição da qualidade física do arroz, na medida em que diminui o rendimento de engenho, aumenta o número de grãos rojados, com centro branco e gessados. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de determinar o efeito de diferentes quantidades de arroz vermelho na amostra de arroz sobre a renda do beneficio e sobre o rendimento de grãos inteiros e de quebrados em três cultivares de arroz irrigado (BR-IRGA 410, IRGA 416 e IRGA 417) com classe de grão longo fino. Os tratamentos constaram de diferentes proporções na amostra (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75 e 100 por cento) de grãos de arroz vermelho. Os resultados evidenciaram que, para todas as cultivares, à medida que aumentou a presença de grãos de arroz vermelho na amostra no processo de beneficiamento, o rendimento de grãos inteiros e a renda do beneficio diminuíram linearmente, enquanto o rendimento de grãos quebrados aumentou linearmente.
Red rice is considered the weed that cause the most significam damage to rice fields in the State of Rio Grande does Soul, Brazil. The presence of red rice grains associated with the grains of the commercial rice cultivars contribute to reduce the physical quality of the rice because reduce the milling yield and increase the number of grains chalky and with white pearly. This experiment was developed with the purpose of determining the effect of different quantities of retrace in the sample on the milling yield of three cultivars of irrigated rice with grains fine long class. The treatments consisted of different proportions in the samples (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent) of grains red rice and grains of the rice cultivars BR-JRGA 410, IRGA 416 and IRGA 417. As the quantity of grains of red rice increased in the sample in the milling process, the whole grain yield and total milling yield decreased linearly, white the yield of broken grains increased linear fly for all cultivars.